Tobacco free essay sample

This paper examines the addictive qualities of tobacco and argues in favor of outlawing its use in the United States. This paper presents presents a detailed discussion on why the use of tobacco should be made illegal. The writer takes the reader on an exploratory journey of the issue of tobacco and its addictive qualities. The writer details the health care issues associated with tobacco use, investigates the cost to taxpayers among other issues. The writer also discusses several proposals that may help to cut down or discourage tobacco use, including increased taxes, more coordinated governmental and international control over its distribution and the removal of legal protections for tobacco companies. The outlawing of tobacco products would seriously cut down on the use of tobacco. Those who are stringent about obeying the law would find ways to stop and those who had not started would refuse to take up the habit. We will write a custom essay sample on Tobacco or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page In addition it would allow the collection of funds for the purpose of furthering the campaign against its use. (Bigger, 1993) In 1990 alone tobacco use contributed to 400,000 deaths in the United States. This made it the leading cause of death, even more so than from guns or AIDS. This is reason enough to outlaw its use. The discovery in recent decades of the tobacco industrys purposeful addition of addictive chemicals to their product is enough to ban tobacco use in America. Tobacco use has no positive benefits at all.

Essay Sample on Toys and Socialization of Children

Essay Sample on Toys and Socialization of Children Toys and Socialization Pick any two action figure type toys- one which represents girls and one which represents boys. (If you do not have these toys, stroll through the toy department at your local store; use a magazine ad; borrow some from a friend or neighbor; Google an image) Answer the following Questions based on these two toys. 1) Who are the action figures you chose? Which gender most likely plays with this toy? Why do you think so? Toy 1: The first toy is young model. Female because of some of the physical attributes portrayed like hips and breasts. Toy 2: A small soldier. It is male because of the muscular body and broad chest. 2) What colors appear on this toy? Toy 1: Pink body with white patches on the legs and hands Toy 2: Green with grey patches 3) If this toy could come alive what is it: a. Gender? Toy 1: Female Toy 2: Male b. Age? Toy 1: 22 years old Toy 2: 26 years old c. Occupation/function in society? Toy 1: A young mother who is a care giver to her family. Toy 2: A soldier meant to fight in military battles. d. What would it say? What kind of would it Toy 1: â€Å"Please come and help me with the grocery†. It would be a soothing voice. Toy 2: â€Å"Hold fire†. It would be a commanding voice. e. What would its personality be like? Toy 1: Silent, glamorous and happy. Toy 2: Dominant, aggressive, competitive and active. f. Body Type? (Physical Attributes) Toy 1: Beautiful feminine figure, well kept and styled hair, long legs and slim. Toy 2: Muscular with a serious look. 4) How do children play with this toy? Toy 1: Make the toy ‘catwalk’ like a model. Toy 2: Use the toy to fight other toys; this is symbolic of a soldier in a military battle. 5) What do children learn from each of these toys about themselves? Others? Social norms? Gender roles? Be descriptive, use examples and terms learned in class. Each of these toys gives children a couple of lessons. This depends with the kind of toy that a child is using. The first toy is mainly used by girls, while the second toy is popular among boys. The toys pass down paradigms of gender responsibilities. Since the toys are gender based, more often than not, girls learn how to nurture, as well as how to stress on the importance of physical beauty and appearance (Karres 198). This toy also teaches girls the compulsive worth of outward show for societal tolerance. Mattels well known as â€Å"Barbie† should partially take roles for the picture perfect girls. Out of â€Å"Barbie’s† look, young girls contemplate the absolute, eye catching, and socially convectional woman, is slim, but well gifted, cheerful, silent and fashionable. On the other hand, toy 2 teaches boys â€Å"soldier like† responsibilities and the need to be physically fit. Boys learn to be competitive, active, determined and assertive. These toys teach them that violence can be used to elucidate complications (Blakemore, Berenbaum Liben 355). Boys also learn that being active and self-confident often correlates with brutal activities and games involving fight. A well known male toy by name, My Tool Kit teaches boys harmonization and problem elucidating skills required to live on in the external world. Industrialist make these boys toys beneath the typecast that boys succeed at things that require advanced level of cognition. Toys that are designed to specifically suit one gender and not the other encourage gender stereotypes in the society (Benson 169). Those designed for girls encourage them to focus on household chores, as well as beauty. The toys that are created for boys foster aggressiveness and the ability to take risks. These stereotypes may end up hindering the children from being all rounded in a manner that will help them deal with real life situations appropriately.

Ready to Eat (RTE) Cereal Industry in 1994 Case Study

Ready to Eat (RTE) Cereal Industry in 1994 - Case Study Example A popularity of RTE cereal industry can be explained by the concentration of manufacturers in this sector. In 1972 there were the major tendencies of anti-monopolization in this field against the largest manufacturers, such as Kellogg, General Mills, and General Foods. The cereal industry was rather profitable and it is possible to explain such kind of antagonistic moods by an inappropriate level of competitiveness in this field. The major players in this field have used the following tactics in order to deal with the developing practices of trade dealing, in-pack premiums, and vitamin-fortification (Corts 1997, p. 3). The profitability in this industry was intimidated by a potential hazard of short-run advantages of the firms and its mimicking by other competitors. Moreover, in spite of the popularity of this field of industry, there were a lot of controversies and technological challenges in the manufacturing processes experienced by the firms operating in this field. For example, in 90s in order to manufacture a flake cereal, it was necessary to combine raw ingredients, which was not rather challenging process, actually. It was more complicated to implement the extrusion processes, which were mainly used in the production of children’s cereal. Therefore, in spite of a simple appearance of this industry, it had too intricate system of manufacturing and it was not for everyone to know those secrets. On the one hand it was not that easy to enter the cereal manufacturing market for private labels. They experienced numerous challenges and brand names prevailed over them. The way for the new companies was open, but it was necessary to facilitate the process of entrance by developing and implementing criteria of a fair price-policy and manufacturing strategies for these companies. Corts (1997) puts it in the following way: â€Å"When demand for natural cereals surged

Gender Segregation in Education Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Gender Segregation in Education - Essay Example Studies have shown teachers spend more time with the boys in the classroom than with the girls. (MacNaughton, 2004, 82)This may be due to disruptions by the boys, although the teacher is often unaware of the amount of time spent with boys over girls. In the personality domain, there are various notable traits with gender differences. These include aggression, conformity, emotional adjustment, values and life goals and achievement orientation. Numerous studies have shown that whilst adolescent boys are more aggressive than girls in terms of both physical and verbal aggression, during adolescence the differences between males and females are negligible at primary school level (Vialle et al, 2000, p.154). This is not saying that girls become physically aggressive but perhaps resort to verbal aggression or the use of covert forms of aggression such as social alienation (malicious gossip and rumors, exclusion) (Vialle et al, 2000, p.154). Statistically, girls are more conformant than boys and are more likely to seek help from adults than are boys. (Grieshaber, 2004, 22) This difference is attributed to the observation ...that girls tend to participate in adult-structured activities on the other side boys are more likely to participate in activities with little adult involvement in school. (Vialle et al, 2000, p.154). Emotional behavior by boys is expressed differently, depending on gender. While females are more likely to freely display their emotions, males are more likely to suppress their feelings, with the exception of anger. (Walkerdine, 1999, 172) Most researchers attribute these differences to societal expectations rather than biological differences. This can be supported by studies of boys under five years of age. (Vialle et al, 2000, p.154).

Human resource management--Should U.S. companies use offshore Essay

Human resource management--Should U.S. companies use offshore locations to enjoy lower wage rates Are there ethical issues or concerns about employee morale t - Essay Example Outsourcing in the field of Information Technology is nothing new as in recent years it has changed shape several times to reflect new, and arguably better-planned, organizational objectives. And best practices for creating contracts are now evolving that promise to move outsourcing from a road often pockmarked with potholes and lawsuit-bound to a more reliable relationship for both provider and customer. There has been a general perception that outsourcing means taking jobs away from a region, particularly if we talk about the US. From a financial standpoint, the debate regarding the United States businesses spreading into offshore locations is more pertinent than anything else within the lengths and breadths of the nation since financial health has ensured decent composition of an economically secure nation and US is sure to thrive on the same premise. (Hom, 2005) What remains to be seen is to realize that US authorities could do a lot more than raising the offshore locations’ cutting down on wage rates since they need to understand the bigger picture and forget about the short term incentives, if any, they have in sight. The US businesses would suffer immensely due to the high offshore costs in terms of the employee insurance and the like since it would encourage outsourcing of jobs which would have been easily completed had the individuals been given the offshore guarantees, coming from the US land alone. Much needs to be done in the relevant context and that too quickly. (Domberger, 1998) As far as US is concerned, this could be made appropriate if the offshore policies and strategies are proportionate with the policies that have been laid down time and again within the US. What this means is that the laws that allow for the effective handling of employees as well as the workers within the US need to be followed so that the top management understands what is best for them and how they can contribute in

How To Prevent Juvenile Delinquency Criminology Essay

How To Prevent Juvenile Delinquency Criminology Essay There is a saying that history often repeats itself. If this is a true saying, then society will have to deal with the complex issue of juveniles delinquents, who may eventually become adult criminals, as societies in time past dealt with the same conflict. Moreover, if this saying is true then the community in which juvenile delinquencies exist must have the tools necessary to divert the youth from crime. If one is to convert delinquent youths behavior, they need to be able to variegate the justice system in order to prevent juvenile delinquent recidivisms. Furthermore, understanding the cause of juvenile delinquency is an important key in its prevention. In order to understand the cause of juvenile delinquency, the history of the juvenile justice and varies approach to prevent it need to be examined. The history of the juvenile justice in the United States began during the colonial period. Before it inception the family was the main origin of social control of the youth (Bartollas Miller, 2008, p.5). However, In the 1800s, the state seeing growth of developing cites and the effect it was having on the young population, they felt the need to develop a system to control the youth (Bartollas Miller, 2008, p.6). Therefore, the Juvenile Justice system was developed by the government because of the changing demographics in cities. As a result, the government was now actively practicing the concept of parens patriae thru the court. Moreover, the juvenile justice reformers sought to make a change to the objectives of the juvenile justice system, including the rights of youth. In earlier years, child offenders above the age of seven were treated and incarcerated like adult offenders (Bartollas Miller, 2008, p.5). The treatment of youths had created distaste among the reformers towards jail terms for juveniles; they desired a system to be more compliance with the due process of law. Furthermore, the reformer was seeking to convert from what they saw as inhumane treatment of the juvenile therefore, facility such as the house of refuge was started. The earliest Reformatory Refuge was built in 1825 and was called the New York Hoses of Refuge (Bartollas Miller, 2008, p.9). It was not until 1890s when the Progressive Era commenced in the US that individual states started setting up rehabilitating centers (Bartollas Miller, 2008, p.10). There was a feeling during the progressive era stating that the justice system should take the responsibility to recover the lives of young offenders before they were absorbed into criminal activities. The parenting responsibility was been exerted by states to give juveniles an opportunity to return to their former condition. By 1967, most of the cases of juvenile delinquency were tried in juvenile courts. This meant Persons under the age of 18 were tried in juvenile courts. This was due to the ruling by the Supreme Court that it was necessary for the juvenile courts to use the due process of law. The approach after the decision was to encourage the states to develop plans that would discourage juvenile delinquency. In this context the Juvenile Delinquency Prevention and Control Act 1968 were passed. The Act was later strengthen by the Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention. In this effort, the (OJJDP) established The Runaway Youth Program and The National Institute for Juvenile justice and Delinquency Prevention. The Juvenile Delinquency Prevention and Control Act 1968 law was later replaced by The Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act 1974. However, the movement received a setback when there was an increase in juvenile crimes during 1980s and 1990s. The first stakeholder is the youth that commits crime. He has all the rights that are promised to adults under the constitution. It is necessary to understand that legally a youth should have more rights than an adult has. The same justice system cannot be used for youths. Other stakeholders are the parents. The parents have the primary responsibility for ensuring that their wards do not commit crimes. The government whether state, federal, or local, are also stakeholders, which have the dual responsibility of protecting the community as well as rehabilitating the juvenile. The Finally stakeholders is the community. The community interest in fighting juveniles recidivism is beneficial to the safe of the community. Therefore, community safety is an understandable reason to start community-based program. Moreover, studies have shown that many community -based correctional programs reduce recidivism and are less expensive than confinement (Bartollas Miller, 2008, p.210). Communities felt that strong action is was necessary to prevent juvenile offenders as a deterrent. Some advocates believed childhood intervention programs were having an impact on future juvenile delinquency and criminality rates (Zigler, Edward, Taussig. 1992)  Ã‚   (3.A complete description of issue addressed.) The issues involved juvenile delinquency includes juvenile placement in criminal procedure. The issue deal the treated of juvenile who commit crimes like adults. The problem is whether the crime juvenile commit dictate that they should the type punishment as their adult counterpart. The courts often are face with the decision when a juvenile commit what is other wise considered an adult crime (Bartollas Miller, 2008, p. 155). Another issue of juvenile delinquency is the severity of the offense the juvenile commit. Status offenses are behavior committed by juvenile that they can be arrested. Such as truancy, drinking, runaways, and general ungovernability, how can these stop status offenses. This issue led to the question; to what extent can the parents be held responsible for supervision of children? Moreover, if the parents cannot be maintain their children what are the local resources available at them? Other issues of discussion are the subject of juvenile drug use. Moreover, what is been done to eliminate this problem. On the other hand, the existence of after-school recreational activities or sport can reduce juvenile delinquency by a great extent. This type deterrent once again would require parents involvement. On the other hand, if peer pressure is applied by juvenile delinquency, the parent needs to be alert to such problems and must seek intervention early on to be more effective (Welsh Farrington, 2007, p. 871). (4 A detailed analysis of possible strategies and intervention designed to stop juvenile delinquency) Parental guidance and good home life are the best overall approach to stop juvenile delinquency. However, in today modern society parents are not always capable of providing the necessary guidance to their children. Therefore, there need to be other possible strategies and interventions designed to stop juvenile delinquency. In that context, there are strategies and interventions that have been developed to assist parents in the venture. First all offense regardless of the severity should be dealt with expeditiously. Furthermore, the parent should adopt the three point strategy of supervision, prevention of drugs and introduce activities to the children (Koffman, Ray,  Berg,  Covington,  Albarran,  Ã‚  Vasquez,  et al. 2003). Maury Nation and other devised programs to disseminate effective prevention strategies. Their programs took information from other programs to develop a better program. In their research, they found that effective programs included teaching, positive role model and informed planning and implementation of problem-specific prevention interventions programs (Nation,  Crusto, Wandersman, Kumpfer,  Ã‚  et al., 2003, pp. 449-456). 3. If there is any doubt an advocacy group should be contacted at the earliest (5. A comprehensive list and weighing of alternatives, both pro and cons, to the stop juvenile delinquency.) The alternative that Every minor offense including truancy should be treated quickly and seriously by the parents and school attendance should be given the greatest importance has the pro that juvenile delinquency can be stopped at the incipient stage and school can play an important part in preventing juvenile delinquency. The con is that often parents are not aware of truancy and come to know of it when it is too late. The alternative that parents should use the three-point strategy of supervision, prevention of drugs and introduce activities to the children had the pro that its implementation can surely stop juvenile delinquency. In addition, it is a multi-pronged strategy, which has worked well. Furthermore, it contributes to the holistic development of children. The first cons are that parents that hold jobs which make it difficult to supervise and therefore, cannot implement this strategy. The second con is the fact that parents who need training is required to implement this strategy. The alternative of If there is any doubt an advocacy group should be contacted at the earliest has the pro that advocacy group can provide expert guidance to the parents. Further, the advocacy group can devise strategies for particular youth. The con is that in most cases the advocacy group is contacted after serious crimes are committed or the case becomes difficult. For instance, advocacy groups are contacted after the child is addicted to drugs. (6. a prediction for how juveniles justice prevention and intervention strategies will be handled over at least the next two decades) Over the next two decades education and community involvement should be major strategies in order to help prevent juvenile delinquency. In the arena of education if a child is exposing to education at an earlier age and given a robust foundation in learning, the youth have a chance to endure. For example, if organizations such as the PTA will take a proactive role in the intervention of trouble kids at a young age this will be helpful. This is a venue where the parents and educator both are able to contribute to the child development. In addition, future prevention and intervention in the juvenile justice will depend on those actually involved in the juvenile justice system. If probation officers and youth detention centers do not take an actually role in future intervention of juvenile delinquency any other strategies will not be successful. Probation and correction will need to look for ways to encourage the juvenile to find alternative means of using their energy. Furthermore, the government will have to provide more funds to the juvenile justice system. With more funds, the juvenile justice system will be able to find qualified employees. In addition, the juvenile justice system, especially the correctional agencies, must provide guidelines to help the juveniles develop. When juvenile are committed to juvenile detention the focus needs to be centered on educational development and alternative activity instead of the gang activity. The detention center of the future will need to be more conductive to a juvenile community surrounding. For example, detention center should offer schools, medical clinics, and recreation facilities so that youth will not have cultural shock. Technology should play an important role in probation as an alternative to detention as well. Monitoring devices such as GPS ankle bracelet should be use more in the future. However, the finally part of the equation in intervention is the youth. If all the fore mention action are taken, and the youth fail to participate the process will be voided. Therefore, the primary contact of the youth, the family will need to undergo training when a problem arises. Parents are sometime overwhelmed with parenting duties and working at the same time and need to learn how to manage their time to be more effective. Some parents do not have the necessary parenting skills to raise their children; therefore, parenting classes should be available to assist them. In conclusion, society will have to deal with the complex burden of juveniles delinquent, who may eventually become adult criminals. Moreover, the community in which juvenile delinquencies exist must have the tool necessary to divert the youth from crime. In order to change delinquent the juvenile need the juvenile justice system itself need to change policy and procedure to prevent juvenile delinquent recidivisms. Furthermore, an honest effort need to be made to understanding the cause of juvenile delinquency is an important key in its prevention. The families, communities and the government must be willing to work together for the greater good of the juvenile. Therefore, understanding the cause of juvenile delinquency and the history of the juvenile justice will be an important part of the success of preventing juvenile delinquency. When studying the history of the juvenile justice in the United States, need to be focus on the core issue of delinquency, the juvenile. Speaking from a personal point of view, I believe rehabilitation instead of confinement is the best form of correction. However, I do realizes that not all juvenile offend will conform to the rule set forward by the courts and probation agencies. Therefore, when the juvenile are place in detention centers they should be afforded the service to help them prevent a life of crime.

William Wycherley’s The Country Wife Essay -- William Wycherley Countr

William Wycherley’s â€Å"The Country Wife† â€Å"A Restoration comedy is like an eighteenth-century sitcom; it’s entertaining† (MacKenzie, â€Å"Behn†). However, the similarities between the two genres are more far-reaching than their equal entertainment value. For example, the cast of William Wycherley’s Restoration comedy, â€Å"The Country Wife,† consists of some central characters that are strikingly similar to those in the cast of the modern situation comedy, Seinfeld. Harry Horner from â€Å"The Country Wife† and George Costanza from Seinfeld both fit the male â€Å"wit† character type. Likewise, Lady Fidget, one of Horner’s lovers, and another woman, who’s one of Costanza’s fleeting lovers, both fit the female â€Å"wit† character type. Through the interplay of these characters, the Restoration comedy and the situation comedy both assert the superior power of the female wit, when compared to that of the male wit. Wits of both genders ar e characterized by their skill at lying, hiding their lies from the public, and seeking and obtaining selfish, short-lived pleasures; they are also characterized by their discerning nature and their gambling nature of risking losses to get gains (MacKenzie, â€Å"Wycherley†). However, female wits are more powerful than male wits when they take risks to secure pleasures because: female wits are not required to hold down a job or earn money; they gain greater returns from the risks they take, than men do, and they never risk losing their honor. First, female wits are more powerful than male wits because they are not required to hold down a job or earn money. Lady Fidget and Horner illustrate this assertion through their interactions in â€Å"The Country Wife,† and another woman and Costanza illustrate it in an epis... ... the social rules that do not require a woman to work, or that prohibit her from working, paradoxically conspire to make female wits more powerful than male wits. Society provides women with ample free time to pursue pleasure, and their interdependent cohorts provide them with the free reign to do so. As a result, these powerful female wits take more selective, calculated risks than male wits do; they also gain greater returns, whether they appear in an eighteenth-century Restoration comedy or a twentieth-century situation comedy. Works Cited MacKenzie, Scott. â€Å"Behn, Oroonoko.† Seventh Class Meeting. English 260. Davidson College. 8 Sept. 2004. MacKenzie, Scott. â€Å"Wycherley, The Country Wife.† Ninth and Tenth Class Meetings. English 260. Davidson College. 10, 13 Sept. 2004. (Textbook). â€Å"The Subway.† Seinfeld. NBC. 8 Jan. 1992.